Which of the following is NOT a source of infection mentioned in the material?

Which of the following is NOT a source of infection mentioned in the material?

• A. Vegetative propagation
• B. Elm bark beetle feeding
• C. Natural root grafts
• D. Wind dispersal of spores

Answer: (D)

Infection sources for this disease are described as pathways that move the pathogen from sick plants to healthy ones through three main routes: infected material spread during vegetative propagation, transmission by elm bark beetle feeding, and spread via natural root grafts between trees. Wind dispersal of spores is not listed as a source of infection in the material for this particular disease, so airborne spores aren’t considered a route of infection here. That’s why the option describing wind dispersal of spores is the one that isn’t mentioned as an infection source.

Infection sources for this disease are described as pathways that move the pathogen from sick plants to healthy ones through three main routes: infected material spread during vegetative propagation, transmission by elm bark beetle feeding, and spread via natural root grafts between trees. Wind dispersal of spores is not listed as a source of infection in the material for this particular disease, so airborne spores aren’t considered a route of infection here. That’s why the option describing wind dispersal of spores is the one that isn’t mentioned as an infection source.